Lỗi thừa, thiếu “s” trong phần nghe luôn là vấn đề muôn thuở mà các thí sinh mắc phải khi làm bài thi. Vậy làm thế nào để tránh bị sai những lỗi ngớ ngẩn như thế này? Cùng IELTS Complete tìm ra các cách khắc phục lỗi thừa hoặc thiếu S trong IELTS Listening nhé.
Bài viết dưới đây sẽ chia sẻ những cách để các bạn thí sinh có thể khắc phục lỗi thừa hoặc thiếu S trong IELTS Listening và hãy luyện tập thật nhiều để phần thi IELTS của mình có thể đạt kết quả tốt nhé.
Xem hướng dẫn cách làm các dạng Listening IELTS chi tiết ở đây:
PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI DIAGRAM TRONG IELTS LISTENING
Hướng Dẫn Chi Tiết Dạng Bài SENTENCE COMPLETION Trong IELTS Listening (P1)
Hướng Dẫn Chi Tiết Dạng Bài FORM COMPLETION Trong IELTS Listening (P2)
Hướng Dẫn Chi Tiết Dạng Bài TABLE Và FLOW CHART COMPLETION (P3)
Xác định loại từ (Word form) để tránh lỗi thừa hoặc thiếu S trong IELTS Listening
Đa số thí sinh hay mắc phải lỗi thừa hoặc thiếu “s” ở dạng bài điền từ (Gap-filling) trong Part 1 và Part 4 của phần thi Listening IELTS.
Thường các bạn sẽ được đọc một bài tóm tắt thông tin của phần nghe với nhiều chỗ trống, nhiệm vụ của các bạn là nghe và điền các từ còn thiếu vào chỗ đó. Các từ này sẽ hay thuộc dạng: danh từ (noun), động từ (verb), tính từ (adjective),…
Trong đó, đặc biệt các chỗ trống điền danh từ. Đây là loại từ mà thí sinh hay mắc lỗi nhất. Đa số hay bị lẫn lộn giữa đếm được (countable nouns) – không đếm được (uncountable nouns), số ít (single nouns) – số nhiều (plural nouns).
Chắc hẳn các bạn đã biết các bước cần làm gì trước khi bắt đầu nghe. Hãy dựa vào những thông tin mà đề cho, dự đoán xem các từ cần điền thuộc loại từ nào sau đó nhanh chóng ghi chú lại trên đề để không mắc phải những lỗi nhỏ nhặt như thiếu hoặc thừa “s”.
Ngữ pháp (Grammar)
Việc mắc những lỗi nhỏ như này chủ yếu đến từ việc các thí sinh không nắm chắc ngữ pháp. Chính vì vậy hãy ôn kĩ vị trí của từng loại từ ở trong câu. Danh từ thì nên đứng ở đâu trong câu? Động từ thì như thế nào? Tính từ có phải đứng trước danh từ hay không?
Tiếp theo, là xem xét mạo từ (articles) có trong câu. Có 3 mạo từ thường hay xuất hiện trong phần thi này:
- Không có mạo từ (zero article): Tức có nghĩa là chỗ trống không có mạo từ, giống như ví dụ dưới đây thì chắc hẳn bạn sẽ phải thêm “s” vào từ cần điền.
Ex: Making (9) …………………… out of wood (Cambridge IELTS 17 Listening – Test 1, Part 1)
=> Answer: spoons
- Mạo từ không xác định (a/an): Cả hai đều mang nghĩa là “một”, chính vì thế nếu như thấy a/an đứng trước chỗ trống thì từ cần điền là danh từ số ít nên không cần phải thêm “s” vào.
- Mạo từ xác định (the): Đây là phần gây bối rối cho thí sinh bởi nó có thể danh từ đếm được hoặc không đếm được, có thể là số ít hoặc cũng có thể là số nhiều. Do đó cần phải xét thêm ngữ cảnh của câu đó khi gặp phải mạo từ này.
Ngoài ra nên lưu ý hai cụm từ đứng trước chỗ trống để nhận biết có nên thêm “s” hay không: “there is” và “there are”.
- There is: Thường dành cho danh từ số ít hoặc danh từ không đếm được nên thường phải có “s”.
- There are: Dành cho danh từ số nhiều hoặc danh từ đếm được, vì thế khi thí sinh gặp cụm từ này, có khả năng cao từ sẽ không thêm “s”.
Ngữ cảnh (Context)
Vì muốn thí sinh mắc bẫy mà đôi lúc một số chỗ trống khả năng cao có thể điền “s” và không “s” đều được. Hay như việc gặp phải mạo từ xác định “the” nên phân tích ngữ cảnh sẽ giúp thí sinh tránh bị mất điểm “oan” khi làm bài nghe.
Hãy tập phát âm cho đúng
Đặc biệt là những bạn chỉ mới tiếp xúc với tiếng Anh sẽ thường xuyên đọc thiếu các âm cuối (final sound). Điều này dễ dàng mắc những lỗi có liên quan đến các âm cuối khi nghe.
Chính vì thế thiếu “s” trong lúc điền từ là một chuyện dễ hiểu. Thí sinh nên rèn luyện phát âm sao cho thật chuẩn để tránh bị sai sót vào những lỗi không đáng có khi làm các dạng Listening IELTS.
Ngoài ra, nên học cách nối âm bởi người bản xứ thường hay sử dụng phương pháp này.
Chính vì thế ở bài nghe có một số đoạn họ đọc rất nhanh, hầu như các bạn sẽ không nghe rõ chỗ đó có “s” hay không vì vậy nếu như đã nắm được cách nối âm thì có thể phần nào giúp bạn không bị rơi vào lỗi thiếu hoặc thừa “s” khi làm các dạng Listening IELTS.
Nên thêm “s” nếu như bạn còn hoài nghi
Nếu như các bạn vẫn còn hoài nghi từ đó có nên thêm “s” hay không thì lời khuyên dành cho các bạn là hãy thêm “s” vào từ đó nhé. Bởi đa số các danh từ đều sẽ nằm ở dạng số nhiều (plural).
Tuy nhiên cách này không được khuyến khích cho lắm khi làm các dạng Listening IELTS. Các thí sinh nên sử dụng các bước trên và chỉ khi nào thời gian không còn nữ. Hoặc bạn thật sự rất hoài nghi không biết nên điền như thế nào cho đúng thì hãy dùng đến cách này nhé.
Ví dụ:
Walking in the woods, led by an expert on (9)………………. (Cambridge IELTS 15 Listening – Test 2, Part 1) (Audio)
=> Answer: insects
Trong câu này, các bạn xác định được loại từ cần điền là danh từ (noun). Nhưng chắc hẳn sẽ có một số thí sinh sau khi nghe thấy từ cần điền thì lập tức sẽ ghi vào mà quên mất kiểm tra đây là số ít hay số nhiều.
Vì thế nếu bắt gặp những dạng câu không xuất hiện các mạo từ a/an/the thì xác định thuộc dạng số nhiều.
Ngoài ra, dựa theo ngữ cảnh, cụm “an expert” có nghĩa là “một chuyên gia”. Mà các chuyên gia thì hầu như đều có kiến thức bao quát về lĩnh vực chuyên môn.
Ở ví dụ trên, chuyên gia về côn trùng nghĩa là người có kiến thức về các loại côn trùng. Còn nếu chuyên gia riêng về một loài côn trùng thì chắc hẳn đề bài sẽ để là “an expert on a/the + tên một loại côn trùng”.
Tóm lại, đây chỉ là cách “cấp tốc” để có thể giải quyết nhanh những từ không chắc chắn khi làm các dạng bài Listening IELTS. Không nên lạm dụng quá nhiều nhé.
Tổng kết cách khắc phục lỗi thừa hoặc thiếu S trong IELTS Listening
Chốt lại vấn đề, để khắc phục mắc những lỗi ngớ ngẩn khi làm các dạng Listening IELTS, cụ thể là lỗi thừa hoặc thiếu “s” trong Part 1 và Part 4, các thí sinh nên làm theo quy trình sau:
Hy vọng bài viết này phần nào cải thiện kĩ năng nghe của các bạn. Đặc biệt là có thể khắc phục lỗi viết thừa hoặc thiếu “s” khi làm các các dạng Listening IELTS.
Chúc các bạn sẽ đạt kết quả thật cao trong các kì thi tới.
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